Azbukin. [Clinic of mental retardation ]

Abstract:
The features of development of mentally retarded, their external bodily and mental manifestations, medical pedagogy, education are listed. Among the forms of oligophrenia with a clear basis, the links of mental retardation with acromegaly, pituitary obesity, development of adenoid tissue, thyroid gland function (cretinism, myxedema), with the structure of the cranium are considered., the work of the sex glands. Among the forms of unclear etiology, micro- and macrocephaly, hydrocephalus are considered. Secondary oligophrenia is treated as the initial state of very early and sometimes imperceptibly transferred psychopathy — schizophrenia and epilepsy. Secondary oligophrenics are often mistaken for primary ones and often end up in auxiliary schools. It is very important to be able to recognize them. While primary oligophrenics, even of severe degrees, with the correct organization of auxiliary education and training, can make significant progress and can be prepared for an independent working life, secondary oligophrenics, even if they do not seem severe, are able to move forward very little.